This book provides a framework for translating ideas from the academic laboratory to commercial ventures. The book is designed for academic researchers (advanced PhD students, post-doctoral fellows, university faculty and staff) who believe their research ideas could be the basis for a commercial venture. The book contains a complete program to create their entrepreneurial ecosystem by enabling scientist entrepreneurs to drive their discoveries to commercial impact. The authors from MIT and SMART have been working with academic researchers in Singapore for over ten years to help them de-risk an idea for an early-stage technology-based venture to prepare them to raise capital and initiate a NewCo. We developed a set of best practices during this work by teaching over 300 scientists, researchers, and postdocs in our Bootcamp for academic researchers and providing them with the tools to be scientist entrepreneurs. These teams have gone on to start over 44 companies. Through our real-time experience in working with academic researchers, supplemented with our personal experience in technology start-ups, we developed the Adaptive Innovation(TM) Framework. It is a must-read for any researcher, scientist, or engineer in the deep-tech area who wants to drive their discovery to commercial success and achieve societal impact.