This book comprehensively reviews the intricate relationship between environmental toxicants and the gut microbiome. It explores the role of dietary choices and lifestyle in shaping and modulating the gut microbiome's response to environmental toxicants. It examines the intricate relationship between these toxic substances and the composition, function, and overall health implications of the gut microbiome. The chapters provide in-depth insights into the impacts of various toxicants, such as phthalates, pesticides, organic pollutants, bisphenols, and heavy metals, on the delicate microbial balance within our digestive systems. Specific chapters address the impact of lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic on the composition and function of the gut microbiome. The book concludes by addressing future prospects and challenges in understanding and mitigating the impacts of environmental toxicants on the gut microbiome. It highlights the importance of ongoing efforts to better comprehend and mitigate the impacts of environmental toxicants on the gut microbiome. Key Features: 1) Provides a comprehensive examination of the intricate relationship between environmental toxicants and the gut microbiome. 2) Reviews the possible mechanisms underlying bidirectional interactions between environmental pollutants and GI. 3) Examines the role of dietary choices and lifestyle factors in modulating the gut microbiome's response to environmental toxicants. 4) Covers the impact of toxic substances, phthalates, pesticides, and heavy metals on the gut microbiome. 5) Explores the practical implications of toxicant exposure on human health. The book is intended for researchers and scientists working in the fields of environmental toxicology, microbiology, pharmacology, and related disciplines.