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The Airman Certification Standards (ACS) is the guide for students, instructors, and FAA-designated examiners to know what applicants must know, do, and consider for their FAA Knowledge Exam (written test) and practical test (checkride) to earn their pilot certificate or rating. The goal of the airman certification process is to ensure the applicant possesses knowledge and skill consistent with the privileges of the certificate or rating being exercised, as well as the ability to manage the risks of flight in order to act as pilot in command. FAA-S-ACS-7 (Change 1) June 2017