Collection of selected, peer reviewed papers from the 10th CHINA-JAPAN International Conference on Ultra-Precision Machining Process (10th CJUMP) and 2014 International Conference on Surface Finishing Technology (ICSFT 2014), October 17-19, 2014, Jiaozuo, China. The 76 papers are grouped as follows: Chapter 1: Ultra-Precision Machining Process and Instrumentation, Chapter 2: Surface Finishing Technology, Chapter 3: Design, Fabrication and Analysis of Devices and Materials for the Applications of Machining Technologies.