This book is the condensed outcome of the "International Workshop on Modern Trends in Geomechanics" held in Vienna, Austria 27- 29, June 2005. It presents fundamental aspects of theoretical and experimental Geomechanics, bringing together important different global schools of thought. Modern Trends in Geomechanics takes stock of the state-of-the-art, reflects on the recent developments, and highlights possible future research trends in the field of Geomechanics.