This book serves as a platform for in-depth discussions and presentations on various critical issues, including effective management strategies for environmental pollution across air, water, and soil; innovative approaches to mitigate and adapt to climate change impacts; conservation and restoration of biodiversity and fragile ecosystems; advancements in renewable energy technologies and sustainable resource management; and the application of environmental biotechnology and biochemistry in solving environmental problems. The 2nd International Conference on Environment and Sustainability Technologies (ICEST, 2024) is a pivotal gathering of global experts and researchers committed to addressing pressing environmental challenges. Participants will engage in sharing cutting-edge research findings, practical solutions, and policy implications aimed at fostering sustainable development practices worldwide. The 2nd ICEST will convene in Indonesia due to the country's strategic location in Southeast Asia, which faces significant environmental challenges such as deforestation, biodiversity loss, and climate vulnerability. Indonesia serves as a critical case study for understanding and addressing these issues, making it an ideal host for discussions on sustainable development and environmental protection. Moreover, the conference is supported by international academics from various countries that also confront similar environmental challenges. These scholars bring diverse perspectives and expertise, enriching the conference with insights and solutions applicable globally. Their involvement underscores the conference's commitment to fostering international cooperation and knowledge exchange in tackling shared environmental and sustainability issues. Together, the conference in Indonesia and its international academic support catalyze actionable initiatives and collaborations that promote environmental resilience and sustainable development across borders.