This open access book provides a description on polymer science and technology, ranging from polymer chemistry, polymer physics, to polymers for energy storage and conversion and polymer processing. All the authors contributing to the book are the faculty members of the Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University. They are scholars and experts who have established themselves in their own fields respectively. The topics selected in this book are used to summarize significant contributions to chemistry and material communities of the department in the past decade. The book not only presents cutting-edge fields such as precise protein self-assembly, glycochemical biology, fiber polymer battery, and energy transduction, but also provides insights into the basic theoretical investigation and applications such as phase field, self-consistent field, and polymer condensed physics. Moreover, this book illustrates the research paradigm of molecular engineering of polymers by highlighting the research progress at Fudan University as an example of the rapid developments in polymer science in China. Also, this book is a celebration of the 30th anniversary of the Department of Macromolecular Science. Given its scope, this book appeals to a broad readership, especially for students and researchers engaged in polymer science and technology, who can benefit from the polymer-related theory, experiments, applications, and engineering.