This volume of the "Advanced Materials Research" journal includes papers reflecting research results in developing new materials and investigating their properties. The covered topics comprise assessment of the algorithm of surface defect classification in silicon wafer manufacturing, designing and simulation of a color-tunable light-emitting diode with two laterally arranged single quantum wells, defect evolution in laser remelting of thermally sprayed coating, analysis of corrosion behavior of welded joint aluminum alloy in simulated marine atmosphere environment, results of an experimental study into thermal behavior of micro friction stir welded joints of aluminum and copper sheets. Some articles demonstrate the review of mechanical properties of foamed cellular concrete and fire retardant materials, the study of properties of materials that are based on the natural fiber, and analysis of technologies of surface water treatment and absorption of various pharmaceutical compounds. The papers collected in this volume will be helpful for professionals in various engineering fields, students, and academic staff.