Developments in the area of biomaterials, bionanotechnology, tissue engineering, and medical devices are becoming the core of health care. Almost all medical specialties involve the use of biomaterials, and research plays a key role in the development of new and improved treatment modalities. This volume focuses on several current trends in tissue engineering, remodelling and regeneration. Leading researchers describe the use of nanomaterials to create new functionalities when interfaced with biological molecules or structures. In addition to coverage of basic science and engineering aspects, a range of applications in bionanotechnology are presented, including diagnostic devices, contrast agents, analytical tools, physical therapy applications, and vehicles for targeted drug delivery. The use of polymers, alloys, and composites, or a combination of these, for biomaterials applications in orthopaedics is also explored. These contributions represent essential reading for the biomaterials and biomedical engineering communities, and can serve as instructional course lectures targeted at graduate and post-graduate students. Includes the latest results in highly interdisciplinary aspects of the field such as synthetic morphogens and promorphogens in tissue regeneration, the use of restriction enzymes, and endothelial cell response to metals Presents cutting-edge research on scaffold design and processing for bone tissue engineering, and biodegradable and biocompatible composites in orthopaedic applications Discusses state-of-the-art developments in treatment and diagnostics Highlights practical aspects of rapid prototyping in developing new implants Organized for use as instructional course lectures