The special issue contains articles that are dedicated to the analysis of the latest research results in the area of structural and functional materials and their processing and synthesis technologies, including methods of their applications in machinery and construction. This special edition will be helpful to specialists in machinery, construction and environmental engineering. Steel, Alloy, Mechanical Properties, Induction Hardening, Dry Electropolishing, Functional Materials, Thin Film, Groundwater Purification, Air Pollutants, Environmental Sustainability, Building Materials, Construction Technologies, Geotechnics, Concrete, Wooden Materials, Strength of Materials Materials Science, Building Materials, Bioscience and Medicine.