Grapevines (Vitis sp.) are perennial plants that are vital to agriculture, particularly in wine production. Their biology includes understanding growth patterns, photosynthesis, reproductive cycles, and stress responses. Recent biotechnological advancements have revolutionized grapevine cultivation. Techniques like genetic modification, marker-assisted selection, and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing aim to enhance disease resistance, improve fruit quality, and increase yield. Genomic studies have mapped grapevine genomes, facilitating targeted breeding programs. Biotechnology also aids in developing sustainable practices by reducing the need for chemical treatments and optimizing resource use. This convergence of biology and biotechnology ensures the resilience and productivity of grapevines, meeting the demands of global viticulture and addressing challenges posed by climate change and pests. This book provides comprehensive insights into the field of grapevines. The objective of this book is to give a general view of the different areas of biology and biotechnology and its applications in grapevines. This book will serve as an excellent guide for all readers who are interested in this field.