"Operation Allied Force, the 1999 NATO air campaign that sought to prevent a wider humanitarian disaster in Kosovo, has become the epicenter of controversy over European security and defense capabilities. It represents the triumph of air power to some observers, and highlights the limitations of air power to some observers, and highlights the limitations of air power to others. It represents a successful case of cooperative allied military action for proponents of NATO, and suggests the limits of U.S.-European military cooperation to the skeptics. This report offers a dispassionate assessment of what operation Allied Force really means in terms of future U.S.-European military action and future European military capabilities. It provides perspectives from both sides of the Atlantic, offering the lessons learned and implications from Allied Force as they might appear in Brussels, Paris, London, and Berlin as well as in Washington. The report also provides perspectives apporpriate to various levels of involvement in the operation: the political, general military, and all air force-specific implications."--- Preface.