Cities are hubs of economic, innovative, and cultural activity and drivers of global progress, but their rapid expansion presents formidable challenges to the environment, infrastructure, and the well-being of their inhabitants. Consequently, the study of urban ecosystems has emerged as a crucial field that necessitates transcending disciplinary boundaries to address the relationships between natural and built environments that profoundly shape the lives of billions. Geospatial science, encompassing technologies such as GIS, remote sensing, satellite imagery, and GPS, offers indispensable tools for comprehending, managing, and thriving within urban environments. This book examines the pivotal role of geospatial science in monitoring urban landscapes and managing city-specific challenges. Rich with illustrations of fundamental concepts and case studies of urban ecosystems, with a notable emphasis on India, contributions highlight practical applications of geospatial tools in urban planning and climate change mitigation. As a collaborative, interdisciplinary endeavor from diverse contributors, this book serves as a repository of wide-ranging perspectives, theories, and methodologies, inspiring critical inquiry and innovative problem-solving.