This book comprehensively explores the intersection between AI and neurology, focusing on the application of generative models in diagnosing, treating, and managing neurodegenerative diseases. It covers the principles of generative AI and its roles in neuroimaging, biomarker identification, medication development, and tailored treatment options. It examines how advanced AI approaches are leveraged to increase the detection and treatment of neurodegenerative illnesses. The concepts are supported by case studies and examples. Features: Focusses on the emerging field of generative models in neurology. Presents an interdisciplinary approach that bridges AI and medical applications. Examines the ability of neural diffusion models to generate genuine data to enhance healthcare AI. Discusses tools for the adaptation and augmentation of medical images and healthcare data domains. Includes case studies and practical impacts. This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in biomedical and computer engineering, artificial intelligence, and health informatics.