Here is the first in-depth analysis and comparison of U.S. policy in two seminal conflicts of our recent history: the Cold War and the Global War on Terrorism. Unlike previous publications, which deal with each conflict separately, Two American Crusades treats the two as a seamless web, from the passions of the medieval Crusades through the long twilight struggle of the Cold War to the campaign against al Qaeda and ISIS stemming from the rise of radical political Islam. National security and foreign policy professionals, members of the academic community, and general readers alike will benefit from the insights revealed in this book that exert a profound influence on current international affairs and America’s role. Two American Crusades also illustrates why a peace dividend continues to elude the United States. REVIEWS and WORDS OF PRAISE A history of American foreign policy that is sweeping in scope and penetrating in its analysis. Two American Crusades makes two original contributions. First, it surveys and compares America’s role in the Cold War and the Global War on Terrorism. Second, it argues that U.S. policy was driven by a crusading impulse to promote its democratic values around the world, incurring a high cost in blood, treasure, and moral authority. Two Crusades concludes by stating that the war on terrorism is veering away from the battlefield as America retrenches, re-evaluates its role in the world, and pursues a less aggressive foreign policy. --Benjamin B. Fischer, former Chief Historian of the Central Intelligence Agency A sweeping and valuable examination of the America’s two momentous struggles since World War II—the Cold War against the Soviet Union and the Global War on Terrorism against al Qaeda and other networks. Dr. Leighton provides a sobering account of these protracted conflicts and the legacies they left behind. --Seth G. Jones, Harold Brown Chair at the