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From the Abstract: I examne whether prolonged high unemployment in Canada can be attributed to various 'structural' causes, rather than to demand deficiency as found by macro-econometric models. The answer is largely negative. Neither the dispersion of sectoral growth rates nor excessive and rigid real wages can convincingly account for most unemployment. Contentions to the contrary are based on inappropriately partial analysis. Enduring shifts in industrial structure have, if anything, been declining. Labour mobility is high. Much unemployment lasts too long to be frictional. Fuller quantitative understanding of the nature of unemployment can be achieved only in a more general framework.