Despite many years of dedicated effort, including basic, translational and clinical research, public education, and health care policy, lung cancer remains the number one cause of death by malignancy in the world, and it is responsible for as many deaths as colon, breast, pancreas and prostate cancers combined in the US. Thus, successful efforts to better understand and better treat lung cancer will have long lasting ramifications, for patient care specifically and for public health globally, as well. This volume, Lung Cancer, is just such an effort.