Nanoscience and Nanotechnology is about controlling and understanding matter on the nanometer and atomic scale. The development of sophisticated new laboratory techniques recently allowed scientists to monitor, measure, and manipulate matter at the nanoscale level. This ability to precisely control atoms and build molecules at extremely small length scales holds the promise for unprecedented breakthroughs in healthcare, manufacturing, agriculture, energy, and national security in what some are calling a nanoscience and nanotechology revolution. The book consists of four chapters related to different areas of Nanoscience such as Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering, Polymer Nanocomposites as well as Nanoconfined Liquids.