This extensively revised, updated, and expanded edition takes into account a wide range of events: the end of the Cold War, the collapse of the Soviet system in eastern Europe in 1989 and the ensuing demise of the Warsaw Pact, the conflict in the Gulf in 1990/1, the end of the Soviet Union in 1991, the comprehensive or partial settlement of several regional conflicts, growing civil strife in several parts of the world, the rapid expansion of UN peacekeeping and election-monitoring activities, and the development of UN and other international activities for the protection of the environment. It also discusses new debates, writings, and sources. There are four completely new chapters: those by Patricia Birnie, Sally Morphet, Brian Urquhart, and Peter Wilenski, and, in addition, Secretary-General Boutros-Ghali's important 1992 report An Agenda for Peace, to which he has added an introduction for this book.