This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Cyber Security Cryptography and Machine Learning, CSCML 2020, held in Be'er Sheva, Israel, in July 2020. The 12 full and 4 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 38 submissions. They deal with the theory, design, analysis, implementation, or application of cyber security, cryptography and machine learning systems and networks, and conceptually innovative topics in these research areas.