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Japan is a constitutional monarchy. According toMinistry of Justice (MOJ) figures, the Japanese LegalAffairs Bureau offices and civil liberties volunteers dealtwith 359,971 human rights related complaints and 18,786reports of suspected human rights violations during 2003.Many of these cases were ultimately resolved in thecourts. Human rights issues occur in present-day Japan,as modernization history of Japan only reached in thenon-humanity areas with the rise of military expansionof Empire of Japan in the 20th century.