During the middle portion of that century, British science grew dramatically in scale, reach and value. These changes were due in no small part to the two world wars and their associated effects, notably post-war reconstruction and the on-going Cold War. As the century went on, there were more scientists - requiring more money to fund their research - occupying ever more niches in industry, academia, military and civil institutions. Combining the latest research on 20th-century British science with insightful discussion of what it meant to govern - and govern with - science, this volume provides both an invaluable introduction to science in 20th-century Britain for students and a fresh thematic focus on science and government for researchers interested in the histories of science and governance.