Author Description

This report presents a problem analysis of the major cold hardiness tests, methods of evaluating cold injury, and means of expressing cold hardiness in forest seedlings. Potential methods for measuring cold hardiness are assessed according to quantitative measures of cold injury to determine the practicality of each testing program. The report describes testing methods, including freeze testing and tissue preconditioning; methods of evaluating injury, including morphological, physiological, chemical, physical, and electrical assessment; and methods of expressing hardiness, including LT50 estimates, visual injury indices and logistic regression models.