This reprint delves into cutting-edge research on the removal of common air pollutants, including nitrogen oxides (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO), soot, and sulfur dioxide (SO₂). Catalytic oxidation emerges as a highly effective approach for eliminating VOCs, CO, and soot, while adsorption techniques are explored for NOx and SO₂ control. Beyond traditional catalytic methods, the reprint also examines innovative hybrid strategies, such as the integration of catalysis with plasma technology and ozone (O₃) oxidation. Through a comprehensive analysis of diverse catalysts and catalytic processes, this work provides valuable insights into their design, performance, and practical applications in air pollution control. By highlighting advancements in catalyst and adsorbent development, as well as their synergistic combination with physical methods, this reprint aims to drive progress in air pollution control technologies. Ultimately, it contributes to the pursuit of more efficient solutions for a cleaner and healthier environment.