This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th European Conference on Genetic Programming, EuroGP 2013, held in Vienna, Austria, in April 2013 co-located with the Evo* 2013 events, EvoMUSART, EvoCOP, EvoBIO, and EvoApplications. The 18 revised full papers presented together with 5 poster papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 47 submissions. The wide range of topics in this volume reflects the current state of research in the field, including different genres of GP (tree-based, linear, grammar-based, Cartesian), theory, novel operators, and applications.