This Special Issue Reprint focuses on advanced biologically inspired vision and its cutting-edge applications, covering interdisciplinary research integrating bionics, computer vision, and engineering. It collects high-quality papers that explore novel bionic vision models, image processing algorithms inspired by biological visual systems, and practical applications in fields such as robotics, medical imaging, and intelligent detection. These studies provide valuable insights for addressing key challenges in artificial vision, promoting the development of bionic vision technology and its industrial transformation. The Reprint will serve as a reference for researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of bionics, computer science, and related engineering disciplines.