This is a collection of papers on the work of Leonid Kantorovich, a Russian mathematician and economist, and a leading contributor to the fields of optimization and mathematical economics. Kantorovich invented linear programming then applied this theory to optimal macroeconomic planning in a socialist economy, for which he received the Nobel Prize. The book is dedicated to the memory of Kantorovich, who died in 1986. It contains original contributions from several researchers in the USSR never before available in the U.S. It is organized in a logical sequence, from mathematics to the applications of the theories to concrete problems. The work is fully illustrated.